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摘要郑州大学本科毕业论文题目:不同地基模型上筏形基础的有限元分析指导教师:职称:副教授学生姓名:学号:20080420316专业:土木工程院(系):土木工程学院完成时间:2012年5月30日PAGE\*MERGEFORMATIII摘要筏板基础是一种常用的基础形式,不同的地基模型对筏板的应力、应变、位移都有很大的影响。根据实际情况,选择合适的地基模型,有助于使筏板和地基土的计算更符合实际情况,使实际工程更好的兼顾安全性与经济性。本文采用ABAQUS有限元软件,对筏板基础进行了有限元分析,主要研究了以下内容:筏板在弹性半空间地基模型中考虑土的弹塑性时,其沉降情况;将土体简化成Winkle地基模型时,分析比较了基础沉降变形的差异性,并基于Winkle地基模型,讨论基础沉降及受力随筏板刚度变化的规律;最后,为分析土体的蠕变特性,研究了筏板在粘弹性地基模型上的沉降变形。结果表明:筏板的变形是由整体变形和局部变形叠加的结果,整体变形决定了基础的沉降,局部变形决定了应力的分布;Winkle地基模型将土体做了很大的简化,其参数很少,所以使用该模型时要慎重考虑条件;仅考虑基础与土体相互作用时,基础内力随其刚度增大而增大,相对挠曲随之减小,但上部结构刚度对基础沉降的影响作用是有限度的;对于蠕变特性明显的地基,设计时应重视筏板加载完成并稳定之后的沉降和差异沉降。关键词:筏板基础、有限元法、地基模型、沉降受力分析AbstractRaftfoundationisoneofthemostwidelyusedbaseformsnowadays,anddifferentsubsoilmodelsadoptedinthedesignmayhavegreatimpactonthecalculatingresultsofstress,strain,displacement,etc,oftheraftfoundation.Soitisofgreatsignificancetochoosethesuitablesubsoilmodelaccordingtotheactualconditions,whichcanhelptomakethecalculationsoftheraftfoundationandsubsoilmorerealistic,reachingabetterbalancebetweensafetyandeconomyoftheactualproject.ThefiniteelementsoftwareABAQUSisusedtoanalysistheraftfoundation.Thetopicsdiscussedinthispaperareasfollows:thesettlementoftheraftfoundationiscalculatedintheelastichalf-spacesubsoilmodeltakingelastoplasticityintoconsideration;whenthesoilmassissimplifiedintoWinklesubsoilmodel,thedifferencesbetweenthesettlementofthesamefoundationintwokindofthegroundsillisstudied,andthechangingruleofthefoundation’ssubsidencewhichhasrelationshipswiththechangesofraftfoundation’sstiffnessisstudiedbasedonWinklemodeltoo.Atlast,inordertoanalysisthecharacterofcreepinsoil,thedeformationandsettlementofraftfoundationinviscoelasticsubsoilmodelisstudied.Thecalculatingresultsshowthat:thedeformationoftheraftfoundationiscomposedofglobalandlocaldistortion,andglobaldistortiondeterminesthefoundationsettlementwhilethelocalonedeterminesthedistributionsofthestress;Winklegroundsillmodelsimplifiesthesoilgreatlywithquitefewparameters,sowhenusingthismodel,theactual