Biodiversityloss+globalwarming++=>UnprecedentedEnvironmentalChange生物多样性丧失+全球变暖++=>无法预计的环境变化EcosystemApproach生态系统方法1.Managementobjectivesareamatterofsocietalchoice管理目标是社会的选择2.Managementshouldbedecentralisedtothelowestappropriatelevel管理应该下放到恰当的最低层级3.Considertheeffectsonotherareas/ecosystems考虑对其他领域或生态系统的影响4.Ecosystemmanagementmustbeunderstoodinasocio-economiccontext必须在社会经济环境中理解生态系统管理5.Conservationofecosystemfunctioningiscrucial保护生态系统功能尤为重要6.Managementshouldbeundertakenattheappropriatescale(relatedtoproblem/challenge)应该在合适的范围和尺度内进行管理（与问题和挑战相关）7.Setlongtermgoalsandbewareoflageffects制定长期目标，了解阻碍目标实现的因素8.Bewareofcyclicandotherchanges了解循环变化和其他的变化9.Managewithinthelimitstosystem(s)functioning在系统功能的限制范围内进行管理10.Findbalancebetweenconservationandsustainableuse在保护与可持续利用之间寻找平衡11.Useallrelevantinformation使用所有相关信息12.Involveallrelevantsectors/stakeholders/disciplines将所有相关部门、利益相关方和领域都纳入进来Ecosystemapproach/Ecosystemservices生态系统方法和生态系统服务Basicthinking基本思想Inter-GovernmentalScience-PolicyPlatformforBiodiversityandEcosystems(IPBES)生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台（IPBES）ProvisioningServices供给服务RegulatingandCulturalServices调节服务与文化服务Basicthinking基本思想AdvantageswiththeconceptofES生态系统服务（ES）概念带来的优势ChallengeswiththeES-concept生态系统服务概念面临的挑战Valuationchallenges经济价值评估面临的挑战EcosystemservicetoolsdrawnfromtheBSRreport“NewBusinessDecision-MakingAidsinanEraofComplexity,Scrutiny,andUncertaintyToolsforIdentifying,Assessing,andValuingEcosystemServices”生态系统服务工具，选自BSR公司报告《新商业决策协助工具—在复杂、审查和不确定的时代中对生态系统服务进行确认、评价和估值》ARIES(ARtificialIntelligenceforEcosystemServices生态系统服务人工智能)www.ariesonline.org/InVEST(IntegratedValuationofEcosystemServicesandTradeoffs生态系统服务综合估价与权衡模型)www.naturalcapitalproject.orgEcoAIM(EcologicalAssetInventoryandManagement生态资产清查与管理)http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/aces/Presentations/Wednesday/Coyote-B-E/PM/Yes/0135%20P%20Booth.pdfEcoMetrixwww.parametrix.com/cap/nat/_ecosystems_ecometrix.htmlESR(EcosystemServicesReview生态系统服务评估)WorldResourcesInstitute(WRI，世界资源研究所)www.wri.org/project/ec