经济学原理II（2007年春季学期）作业3第一部分：教材习题教材，第29章，问题与应用，5,6，9，10，115.a.HereisBSB'sT-account:BeleagueredStateBankAssetsLiabilitiesReserves$25millionDeposits$250millionLoans$225millionb.WhenBSB'slargestdepositorwithdraws$10millionincashandBSBreducesitsloansoutstandingtomaintainthesamereserveratio,itsT-accountisnow:BeleagueredStateBankAssetsLiabilitiesReserves$24millionDeposits$240millionLoans$216millionc.SinceBSBiscuttingbackonitsloans,otherbankswillfindthemselvesshortofreservesandtheymayalsocutbackontheirloansaswell.d.BSBmayfinditdifficulttocutbackonitsloansimmediately,sinceitcan'tforcepeopletopayoffloans.Instead,itcanstopmakingnewloans.Butforatimeitmightfinditselfwithmoreloansthanitwants.Itcouldtrytoattractadditionaldepositstogetadditionalreserves,orborrowfromanotherbankorfromtheFed.6.Ifyoutake$100thatyouheldascurrencyandputitintothebankingsystem,thenthetotalamountofdepositsinthebankingsystemincreasesby$1,000,sinceareserveratioof10percentmeansthemoneymultiplieris1/.10=10.Thusthemoneysupplyincreasesby$900,sincedepositsincreaseby$1,000butcurrencydeclinesby$100.9.a.Witharequiredreserveratioof10percentandnoexcessreserves,themoneymultiplieris1/.10=10.IftheFedsells$1millionofbonds,reserveswilldeclineby$1millionandthemoneysupplywillcontractby10x$1million=$10million.b.Banksmightwishtoholdexcessreservesiftheyneedtoholdthereservesfortheirday-to-dayoperations,suchaspayingotherbanksforcustomers'transactions,makingchange,cashingpaychecks,andsoon.Ifbanksincreaseexcessreservessuchthatthere'snooverallchangeinthetotalreserveratio,thenthemoneymultiplierdoesn'tchangeandthere'snoeffectonthemoneystock.10.a.Withbanksholdingonlyrequiredreservesof10percent,themoneymultiplieris1/.10=10.Sincereservesare$100billion,themoneystockis10x$100billion=$1,000billion.b.Iftherequiredreserveratioisraisedto20percent,themoneymultiplierdeclinesto1/.20=5.Withreservesof$100billion,themoneystockwoulddeclineto$500billion,adeclineof$500billion.Reserveswouldbeunchanged,sinceallavailablec