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法律英语证书全国统一考试委员会合同法CONTRACTSInlaw,acontractisabindinglegalagreementthatisenforceableinacourtoflaworbybindingarbitration.Thatistosay,acontractisanexchangeofpromiseswithaspecificremedyforbreach.Agreementissaidtobereachedwhenanoffercapableofimmediateacceptanceismetwitha"mirrorimage"acceptance(i.e.,anunqualifiedacceptance).Thepartiesmusthavethenecessarycapacitytocontractandthecontractmustnotbeeithertrifling,indeterminate,impossible,orillegal.Breachofcontractisrecognizedbythelawandremediescanbeprovided.Aslongasthegoodorserviceprovidedislegal,anyoralagreementbetweentwopartiescanconstituteabindinglegalcontract.Thepracticallimitationtothis,however,isthatonlypartiestoawrittenagreementhavematerialevidence(thewrittencontractitself)toprovetheactualtermsutteredatthetimetheagreementwasstruck.Indailylife,mostcontractscanbeandaremadeorally,suchaspurchasingabookorasandwich.Sometimeswrittencontractsarerequiredbyeithertheparties,orbystatutorylawwithinvariousjurisdictionforcertaintypesofagreement,forexamplewhenbuyingahouseorland.NationalLegalEnglishCertificateTestCommittee1www.lectest.com法律英语证书全国统一考试委员会ContractformationIncommon-lawsystems,thefivekeyrequirementsforthecreationofacontractare:1.offerandacceptance(agreement)2.consideration3.anintentiontocreatelegalrelations4.legalcapacity5.formalitiesOfferandacceptanceanalysisisatraditionalapproachincontractlawusedtodeterminewhetheranagreementexistsbetweentwoparties.Asacontractisanagreement,anofferisanindicationbyoneperson(the"offeror")toanother(the"offeree")oftheofferor'swillingnesstoenterintoacontractoncertaintermswithoutfurthernegotiations.Acontractissaidtocomeintoexistencewhenacceptanceofanoffer(agreementtothetermsinit)hasbeencommunicatedtotheofferorbytheofferee.Treiteldefinesanofferas"anexpressionofwillingnesstocontractoncertainterms,madewiththeintentionthatitshallbecomebindingassoonasitisacceptedbythepersontowhomitisNationalLegalEnglishCertificateTes
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