主要致病性真菌医学知识专题宣讲浅部感染真菌表面感染真菌MalasseziafurfurPityriasisversicolorshowinghyperpigmentedlesionsinaCaucasianandhyphopigmentedlesionsinanAustralianAborigineCultureofMalasseziafurfuronDixon'sagar(containsglycerolmono-oleate)Piedraiahortae(何德毛结节菌)Fungalotitisexterna11皮肤癣真菌致病性14TineapediscausedbyT.rubrum.Sub-clinicalinfection(left)showingmildmacerationunderthelittletoeandmoresevereinfection(right)showingextensivemacerationofalltoewebspaces手足癣－治疗原则TineaUnguium甲癣－治疗原则TineaCorporis:causedbyM.canis,followingcontactwithinfectiouskittensTineaCruris(Jockitch):Infectionofthegroin,mainlyseeninmenTineaCapitis(scalpringworm)TineaCapitis(scalpringworm)TineaCapitis(scalpringworm)头癣－治疗原则Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails念珠菌性间擦疹皮下组织真菌感染SporotrichosisChromomycosisInfectionsoccurinexposedareas,skinlesionsbecomedark,socalledchromomycosisRepresentivespecies:Cladosporiumcarrianii,Fonsecaeapedrosoi,etc.Aresaprophyticfungi,usuallyentersthebodybytrauma经外伤侵入丘疹结节结节融合成疣状或菜花状斑痕形成影响淋巴回流肢体象皮肿ChromomycosisMycetoma足分枝菌病EumycetomaDarkgrainsMadurellamycetomatisLeptosphaeriasenegalensisExophialajeanselmeiPalegrainsFusariumsp.Acremoniumsp.Scedosporiumapiospermum深部真菌感染CharacteristicsofsystemicdimorphicmycosesCoccidioidomycosisCoccidioidomycosis:1.Ethnicity:Filipinos,AfricanAmericans,NativeAmericansathigherrisk2.Age:Extremesmoresusceptible3.Sex:Malesmoresusceptible4.Pregnancy:3rdtrimester5.ImmunosuppressionHistoplasmosisHistoplasmosisMoreHistoplasmosisHistoplasmosisEvenMoreHistoplasmosisBlastomycosisBlastomycosisAmphotericinBisthedrugofchoiceforrapidlyprogressiveblastomycosisItraconazoleorKetoconazoleforlessseverecasesOpportunisticfungalinfections白假丝酵母菌(Candidaalbicans)假菌丝和厚膜孢子Systemicinvolvement微生物检查：Cryptococcusneoformans55致病性微生物学检查曲霉Aspergillus烟曲霉支气管哮喘或肺部感染毛霉Mucor腐生菌脑、肺、胃肠道卡氏肺孢菌Pneumocystiscarinii免疫缺陷病人肺炎Aspergillusmorphology61Aspergillusflavus足细胞→分生孢子梗→顶囊→杆状小梗→串状分生孢子（分生孢子头）SpeciesPathogenicityandClinicalSignificancePathogenicityandClinicalSignificanceLaboratorydiagn