BiologistsfoundonchromosomeseparationvitalproteinNewYorkUniversitybiologistshaveidentifiedhowavital（至关重要的）proteinisloadedbyothersintothecentromere（着丝粒）,thepartofthechromosomethatplaysasignificantroleincelldivision.Theirfindingsshednewlightongenomereplicationandmayofferinsightsintothefactorsbehindtheproductionofabnormalnumbersofchromosomes.TheirfindingsappearinthelatestissueofthejournaltheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Theresearchersfocusedontheorganizationandfunctioningofthecentromere,whichisresponsibleforchromosomesegregation--aprocessthatensuresthatreplicatingcellsreceiveacompletecopyofthegenome.Disruptionofthisprocesscanleadtotheproductionofanabnormalnumberofchromosomes--aconditionevidentin90percentofcancercases.Toexplorethemechanicsofthecentromere,theresearchersexaminedfission（裂变）yeast.Thisspeciesofyeastisamodelorganismincellbiologybecauseitschromosomereplicationandtheregulationofitscentromerearesimilartothatofhumans.InthePNASstudy,theresearchersfocusedonaprotein,CENP-A,presentinbothhumansandfissionyeast.Theyspecificallyexaminedhowitisincorporatedintothecentromereduringcelldivisioninordertobetterunderstanditsroleinthisprocess.Theirresultsidentifiedthatatrioofproteins--Dos1,Dos2,andCdc20--worktogethertoassembleCENP-Aatcentromeresastheyduplicate.Theyfurtherobservedthatanydisruptionofthisprocesssubsequentlyplacesthisvitalproteinoutsideofthecentromere--therebypreventingitfromperformingitsroleofensuringproperchromosomesegregation（隔离，分离）."CENP-Aistheengineerofthecentromere,"explainedFeiLi,anassistantprofessorinNYU'sDepartmentofBiologyandthestudy'sseniorauthor."Withoutthisprotein,thecentromeresimplycan'tfunction."LinotedthatmanyformsofcancerhavebeenlinkedtomalfunctioningCENP-A.生物学家发现对染色体分离至关重要的蛋白质纽约大学的生物学家已经发现如何重要(至关重要的)蛋白质是由其他人进入着丝粒加载(着丝粒),染色体的一部分,发挥了重要作用,细胞分裂。他们的发现揭示了基因组复制和可能有助于了解背后的因素生产异常的染色体数目。他们的发现发表在最新一期的杂志《美国国家科学院院刊》上。研究人员关注于组织和运作的着丝粒,它负责染色体分离——一个过程,确保获得一个完整副本复制细胞的基因组。这个过程的中断会导致生产异常的染色体数目——一个条件明显在90%的癌症病例。探索着丝点的机制,研究人员检查了