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中国甲状腺疾病诊断指南慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎(Chroniclymphocyticthyroiditis)内容内容Dr.HakaruHashimoto概述分型内容流行病学流行病学内容病因和发病机制Figure1.TheTAZ10transgenicmousemodel10andtheimmunologicalbasisforHashimotothyroiditis.(a)Thyroidfollicleandthelocationofthemajorthyroidautoantigens:thyroidperoxidase(TPO),thyroglobulin(Tg)andthethyroid-stimulatinghormonereceptor(TSHR).(b)Immunologicalmechanismsleadingtothespectrumofhumanautoimmunitywithdifferingpathologicalandclinicalcharacteristics.GraveshyperthyroidismiscauseddirectlybyTSHRautoantibodiesthatactivatetheTSHR.HypothyroidisminHashimotothyroiditisisassociatedwithautoantibodiestoTPO(andlesscommonlytoTg),buttherelativecontributionstothyrocytedamagebyautoantibodies,TPO-specificTcellsand/orcytokinesisunknown.TheTAZ10modelofQuaratinoetal.showsthatTPO-specificTcellsaresufficienttoinducethehistopathologicalandclinicalfeaturesofHashimotodisease.However,howCD8+TcellsandcytokinessecretedbyCD4+Tcellscontributetodestructionhasyettobedetermined.T3,triiodothyronine.内容病理ThespecimeninPanelAshowstypicalchangesofHashimoto'sthyroiditis,includinglymphoidfollicleswithgerminalcenters(G),smalllymphocytesandplasmacells(P),thyroidfollicleswithHürthle-cellmetaplasia(H),andminimalcolloidmaterial(C).内容临床表现GRETINISM:呆小症;MYEXEDEMA:粘液性水肿IdenticalmaletwinswithHashimoto'sthyroiditiswerephotographedatage12.Atage8,theyhadthesameheightandappearance.Duringtheintervening4years,smallgoitersdevelopedandthegrowthofthetwinontherightalmoststopped.BiopsyindicatedHashimoto'sthyroiditisineachtwin'sthyroid.内容实验室检查和辅助检查甲状腺超声PathologyofHashimoto'sthyroiditis.InthistypicalviewofsevereHashimoto'sthyroiditis,thenormalthyroidfolliclesaresmallandgreatlyreducedinnumber,andwiththehematoxylinandeosinstainareseentobeeosinophilic.Thereismarkedfibrosis.Thedominantfeatureisaprofusemononuclearlymphocyticinfiltrateandlymphoidgerminalcenterformation.Hashimoto'sThyroiditisImageDescription:Adenseinfiltrateofplasmacellsandlymphocyteswithgerminalcenterformationisseeninthisthyroid.Cellsoftheindividualcolloidfolliclesoftendi
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