格赖斯会话含义理论及其影响（完整版）(文档可以直接使用，也可根据实际需要修改使用,可编辑欢迎下载）格赖斯会话含义理论及其影响摘要摘要格赖斯是日常语言学派重要代表人物他对日常语言的分析有自己独特的方法格赖斯从表达者的意向角度分析意义将意义区分为自然意义与非自然意义二者的区分主要在于表达式中是否含有说话者的意图或人为的约定这种通过意向研究意义的方法为进一步提出会话含义理论奠定了基础格赖斯提出了合作原则即在成功的语言交际中人们需要一个共同的交际目标或一个交际方向谈话双方所说出的话都应围绕这一目标进行人们利用合作原则来推导会话含义当说话者故意违反合作原则的某一准则表达他的意图时他所说出的话就会产生会话含义会话含义是听话者结合语境背景知识与合作原则对说话者意图进行分析推导得出的会话含义具有可取消性可分离性非归约性可推导性和不确定性等特征后人改进和发展了格赖斯的会话含义理论会话含义理论对语言哲学产生了很大的影响首先格赖斯通过意向分析意义的方法将说话者的意向融入到意义分析中为意义的研究开辟了崭新的路径其次会话含义的推导是一种相对规范的推导过程这种推导会话含义的方式为语言哲学研究提供了新的方法关键词格赖斯意义会话含义理论影响IAbstractAbstractGricewhoanalyzesordinarylanguageinauniquewayisanimportantrepresentativeofordinarylanguagephilosophyFromtheperspectiveoftheutterersintentionGricedividesmeaningintonaturalmeaningandnon-naturalmeaningTheirmaindistinctioniswhetherutterersintentionsorconventionsarecontainedintheutteranceThemethodwhichstudiesmeaningthroughutterersintentionshaslaidfoundationforTheoryofConversationalImplicatureCooperativePrincipleputforwardbyGriceexplainsthatinasuccessfullanguagecommunicationpeopleneedacommoncommunicativepurposeordirectionwhichparticipantstalkexchangetendstomovetowardsConversationalImplicatureiswhatoneinfersbyutilizingtheCooperativePrincipleWhentheuttererdeliberatelyviolatestheimofCooperativePrincipletodemonstratehisintentionsConversationalImplicaturewillarisefromtheutteranceConversationalImplicatureiswhatlistenersinferfromtheutterersintentiontogetherwithcontextbackgroundknowledgeandtheCooperativePrincipleConversationalImplicaturecanbecanceledhasahighdegreeofnondetachabilityisunconventionalandbeingworkedoutandithasthekindofindeterminacyaswellAfterwardsGricesTheoryofConversationalImplicaturehasbeenimprovedanddevelopedConversationalImplicaturehasagreatimpactonphilosophyofLanguageFirstlythemethodofanalyzingutterersmeaningbyinterpretinghisintentionopensabrand-newwayforthestudyofmeaningSecondlytheinferenceofConversationalImplicatureisaratherstandardprocesswhichprovidesanewmethodfo