摘要本设计主要讨论了基于单片机的智能小车系统设计O利用红外线传感器传感系统，使小车能够自动识别跟踪小车线路。智能小车使用红外传感器，微控制器为核心，电机驱动和自动控制技术，实现了智能避障循迹功能。本次智能小车设计采用的核心单片机为AT89C51,利用智能小车红外发射器发射出的光和红外接收器接收到的光强弱进行对比来识别跟踪导线，对模拟信号和数字信号进行相互转换，并且采用c语言进行编程，电路设计明了，结构简单。关键词：智能化；单片机最小系统；传感器；驱动电路ThisdocumentisproducedbytrialversionofPrint2Flash.Visitwww.print2flash.comformoreinformation目录1概述.......................................................11.1智能小车的需求与分析................................11.2智能小车的研究目的和意义............................22总体方案设计..............................................32.1系统总体框架........................................32.2硬件总体设计........................................42.3软件总体设计.........................................52.4电源模块.............................................52.5电机驱动模块.........................................62.6黑线循迹模块.........................................62.7红外避障模块.........................................63硬件设计..................................................73.1控制器的选择.........................................73.2电源电路设计.........................................83.3电机驱动电路设计....................................93.4黑线循迹的电路设计.................................103.5红外避障电路的设计.................................114软件设计.................................................124.1软件设计思想........................................124.2主程序流程图.......................................134.3避障子程序..........................................143ThisdocumentisproducedbytrialversionofPrint2Flash.Visitwww.print2flash.comformoreinformation4.4循迹子程序..........................................155调试与分析...............................................165.1硬件调试............................................165.2软件调试............................................165.3电路调试...........................................175.4电机模块调试........................................175.5黑线循迹调试........................................185.6红外避障调试........................................185.7测试结果与分析