突触素与学习记忆的神经生物学研究进展（常用版）(可以直接使用，可编辑完整版资料，欢迎下载）突触素与学习记忆的神经生物学研究进展作者：侯喜洋学号：079300141066院系：生命科学学院专业：07生物技术完成日期：2021年6月2日录中文摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（1）英文摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（2）引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（3）1突触素„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（3）1.1突触与突触素的定义„„„„“„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（3）1.2突触素的分子结构„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（4）1.3突触素在神经组织中的分布„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（4）1.4突触素的生理作用„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（5）2突触素与学习记忆的神经生物学研究„„„„„„„„„„„„„（7）2.1大脑学习记忆研究„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（7）2.2突触素Ⅰ表达的变化与空间辨别性学习记忆„„„„„„„„„（7）2.3突触素P38的分泌与学习记忆功能„„„„„„„„„„„„„（8）3突触素的其他研究„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（10）结束语„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（12）参考文献„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（13）致谢„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„（15）要突触素(synaptophysin,SYN)是一种与突触结构和功能密切相关的囊泡吸附蛋白。它广泛存在于机体所有神经终末，特异性地分布于突触前囊泡膜上，参与Ca离子依赖的神经递质的释放和突触囊泡的循环，被公认为是突触发生和突触重塑的重要标志，它的定位和定量可准确的反映突触的分布及功能状态，从而反映其可塑性。对突触素的定义、结构、分布以及与学习记忆的神经生物学的研究进行了系统描述。为以后突触素的相关研究具有很好的指导参考意义。关键词：突触；突触素；学习记忆1内蒙古民族大学毕业论文AbstractSynapticelement(synaptophysin,SYN)isakindofstructureandfunctionandsynapticvesiclesiscloselyrelatedtotheadsorptionprotein.Itwidelyexistinallofthenerveterminal,bodyspecificallyvesiclesdistributedinthepresynapticmembrane,participateinCadependentoftheneurotransmitterreleaseandsynapticvesiclescycle,recognizedassynapticoccurrenceandsynapticplasticityintheimportantsymbol,it’spositioningandquantitativecanaccuratelyreflectsthedistributionandfunctionconditionsynapses,whichreflecttheplasticity.Thisarticlesynapticelementthedefinition,structure,distributionandtheneurobiologyoflearningandmemory,andstudyonthesystemdescription.Afterepinephrinesystemofsynapsesresearchhasaverygoodguidancevalueforreference.Keywords：Synaptic；Synaptophysin；Learningandmemory2言突触素是一种与突触结构和功能密切相关的膜蛋白，神经元传递信号时所释放递质中就含有该类蛋白，人类和哺乳动物的突触素基因位于X染色体上，在进化过程中具有高度保守性。而它几乎存在于中枢和外周神经系统的所有神经末梢，同时，在神经内分泌细胞等部位也发现有突触素存在。它的主要生理作用有参与突触囊泡的导入、转运和神经递质的释放、突触囊泡再循环和突触发生。其次，突触素还可作为突触前终末的特异性标记物，用来检测突触的密度和分布。另外，突触素作为一种神经内分泌标记物，可用于神经内分泌肿瘤的检测，还可作为免疫细胞化学标记来研究胎儿大脑和脊髓的神经元成熟情况。突触素已被广泛应用于研究动