化合物的英文命名方法大全一无机物的命名(Inorganiccompounds)1元素与单质的命名S-blockElementP-blockElementCommonTransitionElememt2化合物的命名Namingmetalions(cations)formetaloxides,basesandsalts2.Multivalenceions对于有变价的金属元素，除了可用前缀来表示以外，更多采用罗马数字来表示金属的氧化态，或用后缀-ous表示低价，-ic表示高价。如FeO:iron(II)oxide或ferrousoxideFe2O3:iron(III)oxide或ferricoxideCu2O:copper(I)oxide或cuprousoxideCuO:copper(II)oxide或cupricoxideNamingnonmetalions(anions)2.Polyatomicoxyanions(2).Acidradicalsformeta-salts(亚酸根-ite)(3).Acidradicalsforhypo-salts(次酸根-ite)(4).Acidradicalsforpersalts(高酸根Per-ate)Namingcompounds2.Nonmetaloxide非金属氢化物无氧酸3.Bases4.盐(Salts)(2)酸式盐：(Acidicsalts)同正盐的读法，酸根中的Ｈ读做hydrogen，氢原子的个数用前缀表示。Acidicsalt=Cation+hydrogen+anionforexample:NaHSO4SodiumhydrogensulfateNa2HPO4DisodiumhydrogenphosphateNaH2PO4SodiumdihydrogenphosphateCa(HSO4)2CalciumbisulfateNaHCO3Sodiumhydrogencarbonate或Sodiumbicarbonate(3).Basicsalts(4).复盐(Mixedsalts)：同正盐的读法。5)水合盐：结晶水读做water或hydrate如AlCl3∙6H2O:aluminumchloride6-water或aluminumchloridehexahydrateAlK(SO4)2∙12H2O:aluminiumpotassiumsulfate12-water5.Acids(1).Per-,hydro-,normalacid(itssalt-ate,-ide)(2).Meta-andhypo-acid(itssalt-ite)Acid=Centralelement’sroot-ous+acidforexample:H2SO3SulfurousacidH3PO3PhosphorousacidHNO2NitrousacidHClOHypochlorousacidHClO2Chlorousacid含氧酸与含氧酸根阴离子命名时先命名阳离子部分，最后命名阴离子部分，阴离子配体以字母顺序列出，中心阳离子价态一般以罗马数字在名称后标出。K[BF4]potassiumtetrafluoroborate(III)K4[Fe(CN)6]potassiumhexacyanoferrate(II)[Cu(NH3)4]SO4Tetraamminecopper(II)sulfate[Co(H2O)2(NH3)2(CO2)]NO3Diamminediaquacarbonatocobalt(III)nitrateNamingcoordinationcomplex(2).Neutralmoleculesasligand2.Complexionsions(2).Complexionswithnegativecharge3.NamingcomplexExerciseAnswerNaClOsodiumhypochloriteNaOHsodiumhydroxideMn(OH)2Manganese(II)hydroxideFe2O3iron(III)oxideorferricoxideP2O5DiphosphoruspentoxideH2O2hydrogenperoxideK2Cr2O7potassiumdichromateCu2(OH)2CO3Dicopper(II)dihydroxycarbonateCaHPO4calciumhydrogenphosphatePtCl42-tetrachloroplatinum(II)[Ag(NH3)2]ClDiamminesilver(I)chlorideK4[Fe(CN)6]Potassiumhexacy